The process of reformation of local government and decentralization constitutes a very complex process and requires the establishment of new municipalities, gradual transfer of competencies from central governments to local government, by raising the local capacities for an efficient self-government, by reforming the local finance system, as well as by ratifying new laws.
Creation of a sustainable and effective system of local self-government throughout the territory of Kosovo would ensure better life conditions for all its citizens, paying special attention to the needs and concerns of non-majority communities in Kosovo.
In 2005, UNMIK and the Government of Kosovo approved a draft document for reformation of Local Government and decentralization.
This process requires action by all ministries under the direction of Inter-ministerial Group for Decentralization (IGD) headed by the Minister for Administration of Local Government in order to create policies and take actions for the establishment of new municipalities and implementation of the process of decentralization.
IGD will fulfill these objectives:
- Reform of legislation for self-government
- Establishment of new municipalities
- Transfer of competencies and resources
- Raising and development of municipal capacities
In order to become an effective unit of local government, a municipality should meet these criteria:
- To have administrative borders clearly defined
- To have a democratic election system that generates legitimate institutions
- To have responsibilities and competencies defined and guaranteed by law
- To have sufficient financial sources and financial autonomy to meet its responsibilities
- To have human and administrative capacities in order to exercise its responsibilities and provide service to citizens
The local government of Kosovo now consists of 30 municipalities and 3 Municipal pilot units with wide competencies in many fields. The establishment of 6 (5+1) new municipalities as well as the conversion of Municipal pilot units into municipalities with full rights has been planned.